Nitric acid

Nitric acid is mainly used in the electronics and radioelectronics industries as a component of electrolytes for electrochemical and chemical etching:

• in the production of miniature electronic equipment and optoelectronic devices;

• in the production of mineral fertilizers;

• in the military industry (fuming - in the production of explosives, as an oxidizer for rocket fuel, diluted - in the synthesis of various substances, including toxic ones);

• in easel graphics - for etching printing plates (etching plates, zinc-printing plates and magnesium clichés);

• in the production of dyes and medicines (nitroglycerin);

• in jewelry - the main method for determining gold in a gold alloy.

Density, kg/m3

- liquids

- crystals

1549.2

1895

Heat at 20°C, kJ/kg

- melting

- evaporation

10.48

39,465

Temperature

-melting

-boiling

minus 41.6

82.6

0.244

Packaging and storage

Nitric acid is loaded into special railway tank cars made of Kh18N10T steel, barrels, and imported glass bottles. Nitric acid may also be packaged in hermetically sealed tank trucks or sealed containers.

Nitric acid is stored in special storage tanks made of stainless steel.

Product Safety Information

Nitric acid is toxic. Based on its impact on the human body, it is classified as hazard class 3. The maximum permissible concentration of nitric acid in the air of the workplace is 2 mg/m³. Nitric acid is a powerful oxidizer. Animal and plant tissue are destroyed when exposed to nitric acid.

Nitric acid is a non-flammable, fire-hazardous liquid that causes spontaneous combustion of many flammable materials when in contact with them.

Nitric acid is infinitely soluble in water, releasing heat when dissolved. Nitric acid is hygroscopic. It smokes heavily in air, releasing nitrogen oxides and nitric acid vapor, which, when combined with atmospheric moisture, form a fog.

Nitric acid vapors irritate the upper respiratory tract, causing tooth decay, conjunctivitis, and corneal damage. Direct contact with skin causes burns.